The article presents basic information on the current situation related to the basic elements of non-electrified railway transport, which are railway lines and traction vehicles. Data on the situation in a highly industrialized country such as the USA and in Poland are given in the first part. Then it is presented the numerical data, location concentration and a map of the location of non-electrified lines as well as general information about diesel vehicles. The next point of the article discusses the carried out and planned purchases and modernization of diesel railway vehicles. The second, following part of the article presents data on the development plans for the non-electrified rail network and describes the selected information about possible sources of financing the activities for non-electrified railway transport, such as purchases and modernization of rolling stock and networks. The following text is a continuation of the article with the same title, published in the quarterly journal Rail Vehicles No. 2/2020.